Burrell: 'I wanted to carry on playing'
Important note: This article includes details of discriminatory comments and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell says that speaking out to reveal racism in rugby union brought his professional journey to an early end.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the game, displaying digital communications and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I really wanted to carry on playing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were inquiries underway.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but stated it could not collect enough proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also encountered prejudice within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his first game in February 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've myself experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was finally motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the elite game and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"The organization has given significant focus on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a substantial amount of work completed both before and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are ongoing work with clubs and partners in the professional game to strive for a culture of acceptance but acknowledge this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building inclusive cultures, with its effectiveness tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff died shortly after the filming of the film, and his sibling died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach children in under-served communities and support them succeed on and off the pitch with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if nobody else is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to advocate for that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he said.
"We have an obligation to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more comfortable fellow players will become about discussing their personal experiences as well.
"I grab the challenge by the opportunity and keep bearing this flag and keep carrying this responsibility and do what I can to create opportunities and make the game more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely think that the sport has the potential to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in November 2022